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Showing posts from August 4, 2025

notes: Molecular Physics (MIT OpenCourseWare, YouTube, Wikipedia)

Molecular physics: study of physical properties of molecules and molecular dynamics. Areas: physical chemistry, chemical physics and quantum chemistry. Experiments techniques: spectroscopy and scattering. Bohr model: Energy levels of electrons with different distance from nucleus. (n - quantum number) Electron can absorb photon and change the own level. For example from 2 to 3 if electron return from 3 to 2 it emmit new photon. E n = -hc * R * Z 2 /n 2 E n - energy of electron h,c -Plank constant, Light speed constant R - Rydberg constnat Z - atomic number n - quantum number E = hν = hc/ λ => ΔE = 1 / λ = RZ 2 (1/n 1 2 -  1/n 2 2 ) n 2 - electron from (initial, begins) ΔE electron = E photon Occupied orbitals (l - quantum  number)  s orbital : l = 0 p orbital : l = 1 d orbital : l = 2 f orbital  : l = 3 l = 0, 1 , 2 , ... , n - 1  * all orbitals  with included ( n - 1) if n = 3; => l = 0, 1, 2 m l = -l ... l - specific orbital if l = 2 m l = -2, ...